/* Reset and Base Styles */
* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

:root {
    --primary-color: #2c3e50;
    --secondary-color: #3498db;
    --accent-color: #e74c3c;
    --text-color: #333;
    --text-light: #666;
    --bg-light: #f8f9fa;
    --border-color: #e0e0e0;
    --shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    --shadow-hover: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

body {
    font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--text-color);
    background-color: #fff;
    font-size: 16px; /* Base font size for better mobile readability */
}

/* Header Styles */
.header {
    background: #061572;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
    padding: 1.5rem 0;
    min-height: 80px;
}

.header-container {
    max-width: 1400px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 2rem;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}

.logo-container {
    flex-shrink: 0;
}

.logo {
    max-height: 80px;
    height: auto;
    width: auto;
    max-width: 300px;
    object-fit: contain;
    display: block;
}

.nav-menu {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1.5rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.nav-btn {
    background: none;
    border: none;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
    font-weight: 500;
    text-decoration: none; /* For anchor tags in detail pages */
    display: inline-block; /* For anchor tags */
}

.nav-btn:hover {
    color: #fff;
    border-bottom-color: #fff;
}

.nav-btn.active {
    color: #fff;
    border-bottom-color: #fff;
}

.nav-btn[data-section="testimonials"] {
    display: none;
}

.language-switch {
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin-left: 1rem;
    padding-left: 1rem;
    border-left: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
}

.lang-btn {
    background: none;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
    padding: 0.4rem 0.8rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border-radius: 4px;
}

.lang-btn:hover {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    color: #fff;
}

.lang-btn.active {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
    color: #fff;
    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
}

/* Mobile Menu Toggle (Hamburger) - Hidden on desktop */
.mobile-menu-toggle {
    display: none;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 1.8rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 0.5rem;
    min-height: 44px;
    min-width: 44px;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    transition: opacity 0.3s ease;
}

.mobile-menu-toggle:hover {
    opacity: 0.8;
}

.hamburger-icon {
    display: block;
    line-height: 1;
}

/* Main Content */
.main-content {
    min-height: calc(100vh - 200px);
    position: relative;
    z-index: 1;
    background-color: #fff;
}

/* Landing Page (merged sections) */
.landing-page {
    display: none;
}

.landing-page.active {
    display: block !important;
}

/* Fallback: Show landing page if it has active class on page load */
#landing-page.active {
    display: block !important;
    visibility: visible !important;
}

.landing-section {
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

/* Separate Content Sections */
.content-section {
    display: none;
    animation: fadeIn 0.5s ease-in;
}

.content-section.active {
    display: block;
}

@keyframes fadeIn {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateY(20px);
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateY(0);
    }
}

.section-container {
    max-width: 1400px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 4rem 2rem;
}

.section-title {
    font-size: 3rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-align: center;
    font-weight: 700;
}

/* About Me Section */
.about-container {
    max-width: 1400px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 4rem 2rem;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 4rem;
    align-items: flex-start;
}

.landing-section:first-child .about-container {
    padding-top: 2rem;
}

.about-image-container {
    width: 100%;
    height: 900px;
    overflow: hidden;
    border-radius: 10px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-hover);
    margin-top: 10rem;
}

.about-image {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 0.5s ease;
}

.about-image:hover {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.about-text-container {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

.about-text {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.about-text p {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

/* Trainings Section */
.trainings-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(350px, 1fr));
    gap: 3rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.training-card {
    background: #fff;
    border-radius: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.training-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-hover);
}

.training-image {
    width: 100%;
    height: 300px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.training-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 0.5s ease;
}

.training-card:hover .training-image img {
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

.training-content {
    padding: 2rem;
}

.training-content h2 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.training-content p {
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

/* Publications Section (Blog-style) */
.publications-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 3rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.publication-card {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 400px 1fr;
    gap: 3rem;
    background: #fff;
    border-radius: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.publication-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-hover);
}

.publication-image {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    min-height: 300px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.publication-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: transform 0.5s ease;
}

.publication-card:hover .publication-image img {
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

.publication-content {
    padding: 2.5rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: space-between;
}

.publication-meta {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.publication-date {
    font-weight: 600;
}

.publication-category {
    background: var(--bg-light);
    padding: 0.2rem 0.8rem;
    border-radius: 20px;
}

.publication-title {
    font-size: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.publication-excerpt {
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.8;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.read-more {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.read-more:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

/* Speaking Section */
.landing-section#speaking {
    padding: 4rem 0;
}

.landing-section#speaking .section-container {
    padding-top: 0;
    padding-bottom: 0;
}

.speaking-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 3rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 100%;
    box-sizing: border-box;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.speaking-item {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 500px 1fr;
    gap: 3rem;
    background: #fff;
    border-radius: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    box-sizing: border-box; /* Ensure proper sizing */
}

.speaking-image {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    overflow: hidden;
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    box-sizing: border-box; /* Ensure proper sizing */
}

.speaking-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    object-fit: contain;
    display: block;
    max-width: 100%; /* Prevent overflow */
}

.speaking-details {
    padding: 2.5rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    box-sizing: border-box; /* Ensure proper sizing */
    width: 100%; /* Ensure full width */
    overflow: hidden; /* Prevent overflow */
    word-wrap: break-word; /* Break long words */
    word-break: break-word; /* Break long words */
}

.speaking-details h2 {
    font-size: 2rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    word-wrap: break-word; /* Break long words */
    overflow-wrap: break-word; /* Break long words */
}

.speaking-location,
.speaking-date {
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    word-wrap: break-word; /* Break long words */
    overflow-wrap: break-word; /* Break long words */
}

.speaking-description {
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.speaking-short-description {
    margin-top: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.8;
    font-size: 1rem;
}

.speaking-links {
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.speaking-links a {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.speaking-links a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.read-more-speaking {
    color: var(--secondary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    display: inline-block;
    margin-top: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.read-more-speaking:hover {
    color: var(--accent-color);
}

/* Testimonials Section */
.landing-section#testimonials {
    padding: 4rem 0;
    display: none;
}

.landing-section#testimonials .section-container {
    padding-top: 0;
    padding-bottom: 0;
}

.testimonials-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(350px, 1fr));
    gap: 3rem;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.testimonial-card {
    background: #fff;
    border-radius: 10px;
    padding: 2rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    text-align: center;
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.testimonial-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-5px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-hover);
}

.testimonial-image {
    width: 120px;
    height: 120px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    overflow: hidden;
    margin: 0 auto 1.5rem;
    border: 4px solid var(--bg-light);
}

.testimonial-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.testimonial-text {
    font-style: italic;
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.testimonial-author {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

/* Contact Section */
.contact-container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.contact-info {
    padding: 3rem;
    background: var(--bg-light);
    border-radius: 10px;
    max-width: 600px;
    width: 100%;
    text-align: center;
}

.contact-info p {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.contact-info p:last-child {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.contact-info strong {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 600;
}

/* Buttons */
.btn-primary {
    background: var(--secondary-color);
    color: #fff;
    padding: 0.8rem 2rem;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 5px;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    cursor: pointer;
    text-decoration: none;
    display: inline-block;
    text-align: center;
    transition: background 0.3s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
    min-height: 44px; /* Touch target size */
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    background: #2980b9;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.read-more,
.read-more-speaking {
    min-height: 44px; /* Touch target size */
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
}

/* Footer */
.footer {
    background: #061572;
    color: #fff;
    padding: 3rem 0 1.5rem;
    margin-top: 4rem;
}

.footer-container {
    max-width: 1400px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 2rem;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
}

.footer-section h3 {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
}

.footer-section ul {
    list-style: none;
}

.footer-section ul li {
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.footer-section a {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.3s ease;
}

.footer-section a:hover {
    color: #fff;
}

.footer-section a[data-section="testimonials"] {
    display: none;
}

.footer-section p {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

/* Loading States */
.loading-spinner {
    display: inline-block;
    width: 20px;
    height: 20px;
    border: 3px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
    border-radius: 50%;
    border-top-color: #fff;
    animation: spin 1s ease-in-out infinite;
}

@keyframes spin {
    to { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}

.loading-message {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 2rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
    font-size: 1rem;
}

/* Responsive Design - Tablet */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .about-container {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 2rem;
    }

    .about-image-container {
        height: 400px;
    }

    .publication-card {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .publication-image {
        min-height: 250px;
    }

    .speaking-item {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr; /* Single column layout */
        gap: 2rem; /* Reduce gap slightly on tablet */
    }

    .speaking-image {
        height: auto;
        display: block; /* Override flex from base styles */
        width: 100%;
    }

    .speaking-image img {
        width: 100%;
        height: auto;
        object-fit: contain;
        max-height: 350px; /* Limit height on tablet */
    }

    .contact-container {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .contact-image {
        height: 400px;
    }
}

/* Responsive Design - Mobile */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    /* Typography - Priority 1: Readability */
    body {
        font-size: 16px;
        line-height: 1.7;
    }
    
    h1 { 
        font-size: 2rem; 
    }
    
    h2 { 
        font-size: 1.75rem; 
    }
    
    h3 { 
        font-size: 1.5rem; 
    }
    
    p {
        font-size: 16px;
        margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    }

    /* Header - Priority 1: Space Optimization */
    .header {
        padding: 1rem 0;
        min-height: 60px;
    }

    .header-container {
        flex-direction: row;
        justify-content: space-between;
        align-items: center;
        padding: 0 1rem;
        flex-wrap: nowrap;
        gap: 1rem;
    }

    .logo {
        max-height: 50px;
        max-width: 200px;
    }

    /* Mobile Menu Toggle - Show on mobile */
    .mobile-menu-toggle {
        display: flex;
        order: 2;
    }

    /* Navigation Menu - Priority 1: Hamburger Menu */
    .nav-menu {
        position: fixed;
        top: 60px;
        left: 0;
        right: 0;
        background: #061572;
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: stretch;
        gap: 0;
        padding: 0;
        max-height: 0;
        overflow: hidden;
        transition: max-height 0.3s ease, padding 0.3s ease;
        z-index: 999;
        box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
        width: 100%;
        justify-content: flex-start;
    }

    .nav-menu.mobile-open {
        max-height: 500px;
        padding: 0; /* No container padding - padding on individual items only */
    }

    .nav-btn,
    .nav-btn-link {
        width: 100%;
        text-align: left;
        padding: 1rem; /* Consistent padding with main page */
        font-size: 1.1rem;
        min-height: 48px;
        border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
        margin: 0;
        text-decoration: none;
        display: block;
        background: none;
        border-left: none;
        border-right: none;
        border-top: none;
        color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
        cursor: pointer;
        transition: all 0.3s ease;
        font-weight: 500;
        box-sizing: border-box;
        line-height: 1.5;
    }

    .nav-btn:last-of-type,
    .nav-btn-link:last-of-type {
        border-bottom: none;
    }
    
    .nav-btn:hover,
    .nav-btn-link:hover {
        color: #fff;
        background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
    }

    /* Language switch - consistent spacing with main page */
    .nav-menu .language-switch {
        margin-left: 0;
        padding: 1rem; /* Same padding as nav items for consistency */
        margin-top: 0;
        border-left: none;
        border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
        width: 100%;
        justify-content: center;
        border-bottom: none;
    }

    .lang-btn {
        min-height: 44px;
        padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
        font-size: 1rem;
        flex: 0 0 auto;
    }

    /* Section Titles */
    .section-title {
        font-size: 2rem;
        margin-bottom: 2rem;
    }

    .section-container {
        padding: 2rem 1rem;
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 100%;
        box-sizing: border-box;
        overflow-x: hidden; /* Prevent horizontal scroll */
    }

    .landing-section#speaking .section-container {
        padding-left: 1rem;
        padding-right: 1rem;
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 100%;
        box-sizing: border-box;
        overflow-x: hidden;
    }

    .speaking-list {
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 100%;
        box-sizing: border-box;
        padding: 0;
        margin-left: 0;
        margin-right: 0;
        overflow-x: hidden;
    }

    /* About Section - Priority 2: Image Optimization */
    .about-container {
        padding: 2rem 1rem;
        gap: 2rem;
    }

    .about-image-container {
        height: auto;
        max-height: 600px; /* Increased by 50% from 400px */
        margin-top: 2rem;
    }

    .about-image {
        width: 100%;
        height: auto;
        object-fit: cover;
    }

    .about-text {
        font-size: 1rem;
        line-height: 1.8;
    }

    .about-text p {
        margin-bottom: 1rem;
    }

    /* Spacing Adjustments - Priority 2 */
    .speaking-list,
    .publications-list {
        gap: 2rem;
    }

    .speaking-item {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr !important; /* Force single column on mobile */
        gap: 1rem; /* Tighter spacing */
        padding: 0;
        display: grid; /* Ensure grid is active */
        overflow: hidden; /* Prevent overflow */
        width: 100%; /* Full width */
        max-width: 100%; /* Prevent overflow */
        box-sizing: border-box; /* Include padding in width */
    }

    .publication-card {
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }

    .speaking-image {
        width: 100% !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
        height: auto !important;
        min-height: 150px !important; /* Ensure container has height */
        max-height: none !important;
        overflow: hidden !important;
        display: block !important; /* Override flex display from base styles */
        align-items: unset !important;
        box-sizing: border-box !important;
        order: -1 !important; /* Show image first on mobile */
        visibility: visible !important;
        opacity: 1 !important;
        background-color: #f5f5f5; /* Light background in case image doesn't load */
        margin: 0 !important;
        padding: 0 !important;
    }

    .speaking-image img {
        width: 100% !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
        height: auto !important;
        max-height: 280px !important; /* Reasonable height for mobile */
        object-fit: contain !important; /* Preserve full image without cropping */
        object-position: center !important;
        display: block !important;
        visibility: visible !important;
        opacity: 1 !important;
        margin: 0 auto; /* Center image */
    }

    .speaking-details {
        padding: 1.25rem !important;
        width: 100% !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
        box-sizing: border-box;
        overflow: hidden; /* Prevent text overflow */
        word-wrap: break-word;
        word-break: break-word;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
    }

    .speaking-details h2 {
        font-size: 1.3rem !important; /* Smaller on mobile */
        margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
        line-height: 1.3;
        word-wrap: break-word;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
        max-width: 100%;
    }

    .speaking-location,
    .speaking-date {
        font-size: 0.9rem !important; /* Smaller on mobile */
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
        word-wrap: break-word;
        overflow-wrap: break-word;
        max-width: 100%;
    }

    .speaking-short-description {
        font-size: 0.9rem !important;
        line-height: 1.5 !important;
        margin-top: 0.75rem !important;
        margin-bottom: 0.75rem !important;
        padding: 0 !important;
        word-wrap: break-word !important;
        word-break: break-word !important;
        overflow-wrap: break-word !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
        box-sizing: border-box !important;
        overflow: hidden !important;
    }

    .speaking-links {
        font-size: 0.85rem !important;
        margin-top: 1rem !important;
        padding: 0 !important;
        word-wrap: break-word !important;
        word-break: break-word !important;
        overflow-wrap: break-word !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
        box-sizing: border-box !important;
        overflow: hidden !important;
    }

    .speaking-links a {
        display: inline-block !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
        word-wrap: break-word !important;
        word-break: break-word !important;
        overflow-wrap: break-word !important;
        box-sizing: border-box !important;
        line-height: 1.5 !important;
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem !important;
    }

    .read-more-speaking {
        display: inline-block !important;
        visibility: visible !important;
        opacity: 1 !important;
        margin-top: 1rem !important;
        margin-bottom: 1rem !important;
        font-size: 0.95rem !important;
        padding: 0.75rem 1.25rem !important;
        background-color: var(--secondary-color) !important;
        color: #fff !important;
        border-radius: 5px !important;
        text-align: center !important;
        width: auto !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
        min-width: 120px !important;
        min-height: 44px !important;
        word-wrap: break-word !important;
        overflow-wrap: break-word !important;
        box-sizing: border-box !important;
        text-decoration: none !important;
        font-weight: 600 !important;
        line-height: 1.5 !important;
    }

    .read-more-speaking:hover {
        background-color: var(--accent-color) !important;
        color: #fff !important;
    }

    .publication-content {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }

    .publication-image {
        min-height: 200px;
        max-height: 250px;
    }

    .publication-image img {
        max-height: 250px;
        object-fit: cover;
    }

    /* Card Layouts - Priority 2 */
    .training-card {
        margin-bottom: 0;
    }

    .training-content {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }

    .training-image {
        height: 250px;
    }

    .trainings-grid,
    .testimonials-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 2rem;
    }

    /* Buttons & Links - Priority 1: Touch Targets */
    .btn-primary,
    .read-more-speaking,
    .read-more {
        padding: 12px 24px;
        font-size: 16px;
        min-height: 44px;
        display: inline-flex;
        align-items: center;
        justify-content: center;
    }

    .speaking-links a,
    .footer-section a {
        display: inline-block;
        padding: 8px 0;
        min-height: 44px;
        line-height: 1.5;
    }

    /* Contact Section */
    .contact-info {
        padding: 2rem 1.5rem;
    }

    .contact-info p {
        font-size: 1rem;
        margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
    }

    /* Footer - Option 7: Compact Two-Row Grid */
    .footer {
        padding: 1.25rem 0 0.75rem; /* More compact vertical padding */
        margin-bottom: 0;
    }

    .footer-container {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        text-align: left; /* Left align for better readability with headers */
        padding: 0 1rem;
        gap: 1rem; /* Reduced gap between sections */
    }

    .footer-section {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
    }

    .footer-section h3 {
        font-size: 0.95rem;
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
        display: inline-block;
        margin-right: 0.5rem;
        vertical-align: top;
        min-width: 60px; /* Ensure headers align nicely */
        font-weight: 600;
    }

    /* Make footer lists display inline/horizontal */
    .footer-section:not(:last-child) ul {
        display: inline-block;
        list-style: none;
        margin: 0;
        padding: 0;
        vertical-align: top;
        max-width: calc(100% - 70px); /* Allow space for header */
    }

    .footer-section ul li {
        display: inline-block;
        margin: 0;
        margin-right: 0.25rem;
        margin-bottom: 0;
        vertical-align: middle;
    }

    /* Add separator between links (bullet point style) */
    .footer-section ul li:not(:last-child)::after {
        content: ' • ';
        color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
        margin-left: 0.25rem;
        margin-right: 0.25rem;
    }

    .footer-section a {
        font-size: 0.85rem;
        padding: 4px 0;
        min-height: 36px; /* Slightly reduced but still touch-friendly */
        display: inline-block;
        line-height: 1.4;
        color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
        transition: color 0.3s ease;
    }

    .footer-section a:hover {
        color: #fff;
    }

    /* Copyright section - keep it on its own line */
    .footer-section:last-child {
        text-align: center;
        margin-top: 0.75rem;
        padding-top: 0.75rem;
        border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
    }

    .footer-section:last-child p {
        font-size: 0.8rem;
        margin: 0;
        color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
    }

    /* Special handling for sections with fewer links (Connect & Legal) */
    .footer-section:nth-of-type(2) ul li::after, /* Connect section */
    .footer-section:nth-of-type(3) ul li::after { /* Legal section */
        margin-left: 0.5rem;
        margin-right: 0.5rem;
    }

    /* Testimonials */
    .testimonial-card {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }

    /* Scroll Behavior - Ensure smooth scrolling works */
    html {
        scroll-behavior: smooth;
    }
    
    /* Ensure sticky header doesn't cover content when scrolling */
    .landing-section:first-child {
        padding-top: 1rem;
    }
}

/* Extra Small Mobile Devices */
@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .header-container {
        padding: 0 0.75rem;
    }

    .logo {
        max-height: 45px;
        max-width: 150px;
    }

    .section-container {
        padding: 1.5rem 0.75rem;
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 100%;
        box-sizing: border-box;
        overflow-x: hidden; /* Prevent horizontal scroll */
    }

    .landing-section#speaking .section-container {
        padding-left: 0.75rem;
        padding-right: 0.75rem;
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 100%;
        box-sizing: border-box;
        overflow-x: hidden;
    }

    .speaking-list {
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 100%;
        box-sizing: border-box;
        padding: 0;
        margin-left: 0;
        margin-right: 0;
        overflow-x: hidden;
    }

    .about-container {
        padding: 1.5rem 0.75rem;
    }

    .about-image-container {
        max-height: 450px; /* Increased by 50% from 300px */
        margin-top: 1rem;
    }

    .section-title {
        font-size: 1.75rem;
        margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    }

    .speaking-item {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr !important; /* Force single column on very small screens */
        gap: 1rem !important;
        display: grid !important;
        width: 100% !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
        box-sizing: border-box !important;
        padding: 0 !important;
    }

    .speaking-image {
        width: 100% !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
        max-height: none;
        display: block !important;
        box-sizing: border-box !important;
        overflow: hidden;
        order: -1; /* Image first */
    }

    .speaking-image img {
        max-height: 240px !important; /* Smaller on very small screens */
        width: 100% !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
        height: auto !important;
        object-fit: contain !important;
        display: block !important;
        margin: 0 auto;
    }

    .speaking-details {
        padding: 1rem !important; /* Less padding on very small screens */
        width: 100% !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
        box-sizing: border-box !important;
        overflow: hidden !important;
        word-wrap: break-word !important;
        word-break: break-word !important;
        overflow-wrap: break-word !important;
    }

    .speaking-details h2 {
        font-size: 1.2rem !important; /* Even smaller on very small screens */
        line-height: 1.3 !important;
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
        word-wrap: break-word !important;
        overflow-wrap: break-word !important;
    }

    .publication-title {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }

    .speaking-location,
    .speaking-date {
        font-size: 0.85rem !important; /* Even smaller on very small screens */
        margin-bottom: 0.4rem !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
        word-wrap: break-word !important;
        overflow-wrap: break-word !important;
    }

    .speaking-short-description {
        font-size: 0.85rem !important; /* Smaller text on very small screens */
        line-height: 1.5 !important;
        margin-top: 0.5rem !important;
        margin-bottom: 0.5rem !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
        word-wrap: break-word !important;
        overflow-wrap: break-word !important;
    }

    .speaking-links {
        font-size: 0.8rem !important;
        max-width: 100% !important;
        word-wrap: break-word !important;
        overflow-wrap: break-word !important;
    }

    .speaking-links a {
        display: inline-block;
        max-width: 100% !important;
        word-wrap: break-word !important;
        overflow-wrap: break-word !important;
    }

    .read-more-speaking {
        display: inline-block !important;
        visibility: visible !important;
        opacity: 1 !important;
        margin-top: 0.75rem !important;
        margin-bottom: 0.75rem !important;
        font-size: 0.9rem !important;
        padding: 0.65rem 1rem !important;
        background-color: var(--secondary-color) !important;
        color: #fff !important;
        border-radius: 5px;
        text-align: center;
        width: auto;
        max-width: 100% !important;
        box-sizing: border-box !important;
        word-wrap: break-word !important;
        overflow-wrap: break-word !important;
    }

    .btn-primary,
    .read-more-speaking,
    .read-more {
        padding: 14px 20px;
        font-size: 16px;
        width: 100%;
        max-width: 100%;
    }

    /* Footer - Even more compact on very small screens */
    .footer {
        padding: 1rem 0 0.5rem;
    }

    .footer-container {
        padding: 0 0.75rem;
        gap: 0.75rem;
    }

    .footer-section {
        font-size: 0.8rem;
    }

    .footer-section h3 {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
        min-width: 55px; /* Slightly smaller on very small screens */
        margin-right: 0.4rem;
    }

    .footer-section a {
        font-size: 0.8rem;
        min-height: 32px; /* Still touch-friendly but more compact */
    }

    /* Allow wrapping on very small screens for Quick Links */
    .footer-section:first-of-type ul li {
        white-space: normal; /* Allow wrapping if needed */
        margin-bottom: 0.15rem;
    }

    .footer-section:last-child p {
        font-size: 0.75rem;
    }
}